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Drugs
Drugs for treating hair loss are generally one of two types: drugs applied topically (directly to the scalp), and drugs taken orally.
Rogaine, whose active ingredient is minoxodil, is available over the counter. It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for slowing hair loss and re-growing hair. Applied twice daily to the scalp, minoxodil will work over the course of several months, with best results on the crown of the scalp. Minoxodil works for genetic hair loss, not hair loss due to other diseases. It is available over the counter to people over age 18, and works on men or women.
Propecia is an oral drug that is obtained by prescription that has been shown effective in treatment of male pattern baldness. Propecia, whose active ingredient is called finasteride, is a drug that inhibits an enzyme called type ii 5-alpha reductase, which is an enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. First used to treat prostate enlargement, finasteride was found to have the side effect of slowing, stopping, or even reversing male pattern hair loss. It is more effective than minoxodil in promoting the re-growth of hair, particularly around the hairline.
Surgery
Special surgery called micro-graft transplantation attempts to replicate natural patterns of hair growth using different types of follicular hair units. In previous times, hair plugs were used in hair transplantation, and they were placed in larger groupings which led to an effect likened to doll hair. Micro-graft transplantation is said to avoid this unnatural look by placing varied groupings artistically to mimic the irregular pattern of natural hair growth.
Micrograft transplants are completely natural. The only way people will know is if you tell them yourself. Micrograft doctors use a unique surgical crosshatching technique, allowing them to place hair grafts at varying angles and directions. This method yields a hairline that looks as if it were naturally grown.
Hair transplant surgeons claim near 100% success rates when hair transplantation is done properly. Though more expensive up front than hair loss drugs, hair transplant surgeons say that when the cost of surgery is amortized over an average lifetime, it is a cost effective alternative to purchasing and using drugs over a lifetime.
Alternative medicine
The world of alternative medicine isnt left out of the hair loss therapy club. Diet, supplements, and other techniques are said to support a healthy scalp and hair.
Diets with whole foods including the outer skins of potatoes, cucumbers, peppers and sprouts are rich in the mineral silica. Silica and iron, found in lean meats, are helpful for people with deficiencies of these elements.
The supplement saw palmetto oil is an accepted alternative treatment for benign prostate enlargement in men. This supplement is believed to interact with sex hormones including dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. Too much DHT is associated with male pattern hair loss. Saw palmetto is believed to have a mechanism of action similar to that of anti-androgenic drugs like Propecia.
Application of a mixture of essential oils has been used for scalp massage, and there is anecdotal evidence of better hair growth with it. This is a long term treatment that takes several months to produce results. The recipe is:
3 drops essential oil of rosemary
3 drops essential oil of lavender
3 drops essential oil of thyme
3 drops essential oil of cedarwood
2 Tbsp. jojoba oil
2 Tbsp. grapeseed oil
Massaging the scalp with this mixture every night for at least seven months is supposed to at least support the healthy growth of hair. Users are advised to place an old towel on a pillow to absorb excess oil. This cannot be ingested, and should be kept away from the eyes.
It is also a good idea to take a supplement to make sure you are getting enough zinc, copper, Folic acid, biotin, vitamin B5, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and silica.
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