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Virtual private networks (VPNs) enable users to connect to a remote private network through the Internet. Virtual private networks therefore span the Internet because the user connects over the Internet to the remote VPN server. With a VPN, data is first encrypted and encapsulated before it is sent to the remote VPN server. When the VPN server obtains the data, it decrypts the packet so that is can be interpreted.
A VPN allows computer users to access a network via an IP address other than the one that actually connects their computer to the Internet.
VPNs are usually implemented to provide for the following scenarios:
• Enable remote access users to connect to and access the network.
• Provide connectivity between two or multiple private networks or LANs.
3G devices work with a variety of VPN solutions built on the IPSec standard to provide secure wireless access to your corporate network resources. The most important use of the technology is in military IP networks (NIPRNET, SIPRNET, JWICS, etc.), as common transmission equipment, but with separate encryption and perhaps routers.
Trusted VPNs (or APNs - Actual Private Networks) do not use cryptographic tunneling, and instead rely on the security of a single provider's network to protect the traffic. In a sense, they elaborate on traditional network- and system-administration work.
Two proprietary VPN protocols
Microsoft Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol: The protocol enables the secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private enterprise server, creating a virtual private network (VPN) by using TCP/IP-based data networks and supports multiple network protocols (IP, IPX, and NetBEUI).
Cisco's Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F) Protocol: L2F does not provide encryption or confidentiality by itself, but relies on the protocol being tunneled to provide privacy, and specifically designed to tunnel Point-to-Point Protocol traffic.
VPN in India
AT&T India: In 2003, AT&T India, one of the global voice, video and data communications companies, acquired an OSP license from the DoT, India. With this, the company can now use a point-to-point leased line or Internet link with ISDN back-up to monitor and manage its customer’s networks within India.
Infonet Services Corp: Also, in 2003, Infonet Services Corporation, a leading provider of global communications services for multi-nationals, formed the partnership with market leader, i2i Enterprise, to expand its services to India. The company will offer competitive IP access and VPN services to the growing base of multinationals within the country.
Juniper Networks: Juniper Networks, Inc. declared that RailTel Corporation of India has selected its M-series multiservice edge routing platform to help transform RailTel's nationwide TDM-based railway network into a next-generation IP/MPLS network which enables RailTel to offer a wide variety of value-added services including Layer 3 IP VPNs, Layer 2 virtual leased line services, virtual private LAN services and managed IP VPN services with associated Quality of Service. This partnership was announced in 2005.
British Telecom: BT, in 2007 had planned to provide corporate customers who have sites in India with VPN based services using technologies such as internet protocol based MPLS and ATM. This helps to lower bandwidth costs for India's export-oriented software industry.
BSNL: The Company had introduced unlimited and concessional VPN packages between BSNL fixed and BSNL cellular service with effect from 1st May 2007. The routing of calls with in the VPN is through IN platform and outside VPN calls shall be routed through normal switching.
NeoAccel India: NeoAccel India has introduced the VMware version of its flagship SSL VPN product called the SSL VPN-Plus early this year. Now potential buyers can download and evaluate a fully functional version of the solution from the company’s website.
SSL VPN-Plus Gateway is a third generation VPN able to replace IPSec and to supersede conventional SSL VPNs, which suffer from the TCP-over-TCP meltdown and degraded client-server application performance.
Internet Protocol Virtual Private Network (IP VPNs) essentially represent an outsourced network model, where corporates use a service provider's sophisticated managed IP network to build their own connectivity. IP VPNs present a number of advantages over building networks using leased lines or VSATs.
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