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- Sodium- Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
Sodium and potassium are another pair of minerals that complement each other’s action of the body function, and are concerned with water balance, and is essential for life. The sodium is chiefly found in extra cellular fluids and very little inside the cells. This is in reverse order as compared to potassium, which is mainly found inside the cells, and very little in the extra cellular fluids. The total sodium in a body is equal to 0.1% of body weight, i.e. about 100 mg and is present in all body fluids. Its spread is: as Sodium -340 mg % in plasma, 65 mg % in corpuscles, 200 mg % in whole blood, 330 mg %, in cerebrospinal fluid; as Sodium Chloride—560-630 mg in plasma, 35—550 mg in whole blood, 650-750 mg in cerebrospinal fluid, all per 100 ml. - Calcium- Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
Calcium is the most important and largely required mineral in the Dietary Sources body. Think of bones as a calcium bank, which we keep constantly withdrawing from. If we keep depositing calcium regularly in them, it will come to our aid in old age. The body of an infant has 28 gm at birth, and an adult has 1100 gm of calcium in the body, and its 99% is in bone and teeth to provide strength and rigidity. The remainder is in the blood, muscles, and nerves to help in physiological functions. - Vitamin C- Ascorbic Acid Benefits, Deficiency And Sources
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin. It is the most sensitive of all vitamins to heat. Man, monkey and guinea pig are perhaps the only species known to require vitamin C in their diet. - Copper- Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
The first evidence to show copper as an essential element for the formation of hemoglobin was studied by E.B. Hart in 1928. - Phosphorus Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
An adult human body contains about 400-700 gm of phosphorous as phosphates, most of this occurs in bones and teeth. About two-thirds of it is found in chemical combination with calcium in the bones and teeth, and the rest in other tissues. The excess of iron, aluminum and magnesium can impede and block storage of phosphorus, making it ineffective.
The retention of phosphorous depends on various factors like amount and form of phosphorus ingested, calcium content, and vitamin D intake. The kidneys are the major routes of excretion for absorbed phosphorus builds up in excess in the body; it is excreted in the urine. The intake of higher fat diet and crystal sugar can disturb balance of calcium and phosphorus. - Iodine Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
Iodine was discovered in burnt sea weed in 1811 by B. Courtois, and isolated in 1819 by Fyfe. It was fond in 1896 by E. Baumann that the thyroid gland was very rich in Iodine when compared with the other tissues. Iodine was one of the first minerals recognized as vital for good health.
Iodine is am important trace element for healthy thyroid gland, which kills harmful germs, makes up it own hormone (thyroxin) and rebuilds energy. It is required for the synthesis of the thyroxin hormones-thyroxin and triodothyronine. It is present in the secretions of thyroid gland. - Useful Amino Acids
Leucine: It is an essential amino acid and is not synthesized. It is amino-isocaproic acid. This may be synthesized by the micro-organism from ketoisovaleric acid and acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA is convertible to ketone bodies and thus the leucine is ketogenic amino acid. - Histidine Benefits, Dosage, Deficiency, Sources
Histidine: It is amino –imidazolepropionic acid and appears to be essential for growth, but not for the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium. It is not synthesized in the body, but is synthesized in the micro-organism. - Cysteine Benefits And Its Functions
Cysteine: Cysteine is amino-mercaptorpropionic acid and cystine is dithio-aminopropionic acid. Metabolism of cystine is through the degradation of cysteine. Cysteine takes part in formation of pyruvic acid hydrogen sulphide and ammonia, formation of glutamic acid, and formation of taurine. It takes part in detoxication of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Cysteine is essential for the proper alignment and attachment of the peptide chains forming the triple helix of tropocollagen. - Amino Acids- Proline & Threonine
Proline: It is non-essential amino acid. It is one of the important parts of collagen, which binds and supports the cells. It promotes healing of wounds and effectiveness gets enhanced in combination with vitamin C.
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